Gold on the Martinière project was discovered in 1997 by Cyprus Canada Inc. Their drilling program of 8 holes intersected three separate auriferous horizons. In 1998, the property was acquired by International Taurus Resources Inc. (merged with American Bonanza in 2004) and in 1999 and 2000, they completed 21 drill holes totaling 3,807 metres. The highlight of the 2000 drill program was an intercept of 14.40 g/t Au over 4.20 m from the Central Zone. Results indicated that the higher-grade gold mineralization was contained in veins and shoots, similar in nature to the high-grade gold mineralization on the Fenelon Gold project.

American Bonanza’s drilling program during 2006-07 (22 holes) expanded the extent of known gold mineralization in the West and Central Zones and led to the discovery of the Martinière East Zone (Hole MD07-20 intersected 2.30 g/t Au over 28.40 m). This was the most easterly drill hole on the property at the time and indicated the potential for bulk tonnage gold zones. American Bonanza sold the property to Balmoral Resources Ltd. (“Balmoral”) in 2010 without completing any further work.

Balmoral completed several phases of drilling from 2011 to 2017 totaling 133,852 metres in 519 diamond drill holes which have outlined two major gold bearing trends - the Martinière West and Bug Lake shear zones - as well as several high-grade gold occurrences outside these trends. An initial mineral resource estimate was published in March 2018.

The Sunday Lake Deformation Zone (“SLDZ”), a major regional east-west fault structure which can be traced across Ontario and Québec for over 150 kilometres, crosses the southern margin of the Martinière project. Mafic volcanic rocks dominate and generally strike to the north-northeast and dip moderately to the southeast. 

The most important structure on the project is the north-northwest trending Bug Lake Fault Zone (“BLFZ”) that hosts the Bug deposit. The BLFZ is expressed by a fine-grained, quartz porphyry unit which is flanked by zones of strong brecciation and local shearing, moderate to intense silica flooding and sericite alteration. Gold mineralization, typically in association with fine-grained pyrite, occurs throughout the silica flooded alteration zones surrounding the porphyry and in sub-parallel structures and vein zones developed in the hanging wall and footwall to the BLFZ. 

The high-grade gold mineralization (> 3 g/t gold) of the Bug deposit is associated within zones of increased pyrite mineralization, quartz veining and minor gold mineralization within the most intensely altered and deformed portions of the trend. Broad lower grade halos typically surround the higher grade gold mineralization over metres to tens of metres. The mineralized system has been traced for ~1.8 kilometres and to vertical depths of over 700 metres and the system remains open to depth. Gold mineralization occurs in several discrete zones which collectively span widths of 30 to over 120 metres centered around the BLFZ. 

The other prominent gold bearing trend which hosts the Martinière West deposit is the northeast striking Martinière West Shear Zone (“MWSZ”). It transects the southern portion of a multi-phase gabbro intrusion and is interpreted as a splay originating out of the SLDZ. The MWSZ is stratigraphically concordant, 200-300-metre wide and defined by weak deformation fabric, localized silicification and veining, as well as 1-5% disseminated pyrite. It is oriented at an angle of ~60 degrees to the BLFZ.

The Martinière West deposit comprises a series of steep, subparallel, mineralized subzones within the MWSZ. Shear zones and individual veins range from 0.1-10 metres and 1-40 centimetres wide respectively. Gold mineralization is associated with broad zones of sericite alteration cored by zones of silica-sulphide veining and flooding. The highest gold grades are most commonly associated with abundant pyrite, lesser arsenopyrite with minor base metal bearing sulphides. The style and multi-sulphide metal association of the MWSZ is distinct from that associated with the BLFZ, suggesting the presence within the broader system of at least two, discrete, gold-bearing fluids which have both produced high grade gold mineralization. 

The Martinière West deposit has been defined over a strike length of 400 metre by 3 to 15 metres wide zone of sulphide-associated gold mineralization to vertical depths of 325 metres and remains open to depth. 
 

Table 1. Martinière Highlight Drill Results (> 100 Metal Factor) from 2011-2017 Drilling by Balmoral Resources

Note:

1. True widths are estimated to be 50‒80% of the reported core length intervals, expect for drill holes MDE-11-01, MDE-12-20, MDE-12-56, MDW-11-17 and MDW-11-19, where the true widths are estimated to be 20-50%.
2. Metal Factor = gold grade multiplied by core length

Maps & Images (click to enlarge)

Regional Overview Geology

Balmoral reported a mineral resource estimate for the Martinière project in March 2018, which was prepared by Ginto Consulting Inc. (Vancouver, BC). The resource estimate included separate estimates for the Bug and Martinière West gold deposits.

These “Resources” are historical in nature and should not be relied upon. The qualified persons of the March 2021 Technical Report have not done sufficient work to classify the historical estimate as current mineral resources or mineral reserves. Although they comply with current NI 43-101 requirements and follow CIM Definition Standards, they are included in this section for illustrative purposes only and the issuer is not treating the historical estimate as current mineral resources.

“Mineral Resources for the Martinière Project 1,2,3, effective March 27, 2018”